9 results
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... hypokalemia is differentiating ... suggests extra-renal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Hypokalemia (renal ... , Renal tubular ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation ... Syndrome in APML ... Pathophysiology ... Anaphylaxis, Acute Renal ... #diagnosis #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
HYPOTENSION -> renal ... vasocontriction-> decreased renal ... renal ischemia ... Cast formation: Renal ... #causes #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
HYPOTENSION → renal ... vasoconstriction → decreased renal ... perfusion → renal ... Cast formation: Renal ... #Management #causes
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... Bleeding (64%) • Renal ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #causes #treatment ... #management #hematology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... #diagnosis #management
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
cirrhosis: 3%-20% Renal ... Distal (Type I) renal ... Adenocarcinoma Treatment ... #Rheumatology # ... Diagnosis #Management
Relapsing Polychondritis

What is it?
Recurrent inflammation of the cartilage in the body (Autoimmune disorder)

Who?
• Most frequently: 40
Multiple myeloma Complications ... Heart failure • Renal ... affected tissue Treatment ... Polychondritis #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #management