6 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... ), Spontaneous rupture ... Left ventricular aneurysm ... diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
Organizing Pneumonia (COP ... • Secondary OP ... Unknown • 6-7 cases ... Anti-dsDNA, ANCA COP ... ILD #diagnosis #management
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
lesions • Mycotic aneurysm ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Criteria • ↑ ESR, CRP ... Treat underlying cause ... #diagnosis #management
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
• Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... peritonitis, and endocarditis ... sinus • Sputum culture ... microbiology #diagnosis #management
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... MV chordae may rupture ... mitral valve - Secondary ... HT, restrictive CMP ... , hypertrophic CMP
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Culture Positive ... lesions • Mycotic aneurysm ... Septic emboli cause ... Criteria • ↑ ESR, CRP ... Treat underlying cause