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diagnosis differential management encephalopathy pres reversible treatment aids cerebritis comparison cord disorders epilepticus erythematosus headache hiv hyperthermic hyponatremia infections infectiousdiseases
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis Clinical Features: • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Posterior Reversible ... Altered mental status ... agitation) • Seizures ... Immunomodulatory meds ... #Diagnosis #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... the underlying cause ... : Treat with AEDs ... until cause identified ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Pulmonary Diseases, CNS ... Disease, Meds ( ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red flags (PHANTOMS): • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... Altered mental status ... fever, myalgia), seizures ... brain lesion • CNS ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Movement disorders, Seizure ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Secondary prevention (statin ... #neurology #rheumatology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections: •
and radiographic features ... altered mental status ... , and focal neurologic ... Demyelinating disease caused ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... + myoglobin AKI ... #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults METABOLIC DISTURBANCES Hepatic encephalopathy Hypocalcemia Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia Hyponatremia Uremia INFECTIOUS PROCESSES Central nervous system abscess Encephalitis Meningitis WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES Alcohol Antiepileptic drugs Baclofen Barbiturates Benzodiazepines CENTRAL
Causes of Status ... Meningitis WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES ... hemorrhage Neoplasm Posterior ... #Epilepticus #Seizures ... #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework Spinal cord neurological lesion: Clinical findings: • Symptoms and signs below
compression by fractured ... hypercoagulable states ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Hyperthermic Toxidromes Five toxidromes may present with overlapping features: hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, altered mental status/seizures. • Sympathomimetic -
altered mental status ... /seizures ... signaling in the CNS ... • Serotonin Syndrome ... pharmacogenetic disease caused
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