24 results
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... • Irregular Etiology ... • Secondary to ... chronic lung disease ... • Hypoxia • Pulmonary
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Clues to Differential ... cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary ... Echocardiography, Arterial ... Diagnosis #Central #Cardiology ... #Causes #Table
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Heart Failure - Differential ... • Chronic ... Arterial Hypertension ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Differential #
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Causes of Mitral ... Primary (organic) chronic ... (functional) chronic ... Regurgitation #differential ... #causes #primary
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Age-related changes, chronic ... dysplastic MV leaflets Secondary ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
disorders - Chronic ... pulmonary diseases ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... #cardiology
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
other obvious causes ... (chronic lung disease ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... - Mechanism: causes ... Hypertension #diagnosis #management
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Edema - Differential ... Causes include: ... left ventricular function ... PCWP < 18 mmHg Etiology ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... CT) • Broncho-arterial ... function tests: ... #differential #
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
plane into left atrium ... Age-related changes, chronic ... mitral valve - Secondary ... Causes of functional ... #Differential #