168 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... , Interstitial Lung
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... : Interstitial lung ... ventilation (V) in the lungs ... bypassing the lungs ... hepatopulmonary syndrome
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
• Interstitial lung ... disease • Pulmonary ... Septal Defect Pulmonary ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Pulmonary
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Normal A-a Gradient ... (↑Shunting), ↓Perfusion ... Dead space) • ↓Diffusion ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #pulmonary ... #Aa #Gradient
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pulmonary Pathology ... Possible small plural effusion ... Possible bilateral effusion ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... sliding Pulmonary
Lung Cancer Overview - Types, Location and Characteristics and Histology
SPHERE of complications: 
Superior vena cava syndrome
Lung Cancer Overview ... Superior vena cava syndrome ... tumor Horner syndrome ... (hoarseness) Effusions ... Overview #Diagnosis #Pulmonary
Diastolic Function Grading - Schematic diastolic filling patterns

I: impaired relaxation, II: moderate diastolic dysfunction (pseudonormal), III:
Diastolic Function Grading ... velocities, PVF: pulmonary ... atrium, PASP: pulmonary ... #Dysfunction #Grading ... Classification #Grades
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural Effusion ... Pneumonectomy • Trapped lung ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... 2LmUODZ #Pleural #Effusion ... #Pulmonary #Diagnosis
Shark Tail Appearance of Consolidated Lung on Pleural Effusion on POCUS

Dr. David Feller-Kopman @dfellerk

#Pleural #Effusion #pulmonary
of Consolidated Lung ... on Pleural Effusion ... dfellerk #Pleural #Effusion ... #pulmonary #Lung
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Pulmonary vasculature ... Diseases of the lung ... Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient ... Hepatopulmonary #Syndrome