9 results
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
ejection fraction; GDMT ... heart failure; HFpEF ... ejection fraction; HFrEF ... Staging #Stages #ACCAHA ... #Algorithm #Management
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Pulmonary/Chest ... Pericarditis, CAD, HFrEF ... /HFpEF, Intracardiac
Checklist for the Echocardiographic Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension
 • Record estimated PASP
 • Evaluate RV size
Evaluation of Pulmonary ... Hypertension ... • Evaluate for causes ... Sanjiv Shah @HFpEF ... Echocardiography #diagnosis
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... release Diagnosis ... endpoint of all-cause ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF ... #management #cardiology
Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist 
Evaluation 
 - EKG & echocardiography
Cardiogenic Shock - Management ... hypertension Rx ... another option in HFrEF ... milrinone) for HFrEF ... With chronic AF, HFrEF
Acute Atrial Fibrillation - Initial Options for Rate Control
Diltiazem IV
 •  Rapid onset and rapidly
Beneficial in HFrEF ... IV bolus can cause ... hypotension • ... hypotension ... #pharmacology #management
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
conditions) • Severe iron ... disorders - Chronic pulmonary ... PP and systolic hypertension ... : • Acute Coronary ... Infarction • Pulmonary
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute ... pulmonary edema ... Kidney stones caused
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... heart disease • Hypertensive ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... pre-eclampsia, hypertension ... pregnancy, teratogenic GDMT