13 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Cardiomyopathy Valvular ... Arrhythmia • Atrial ... Thickening/Masses Chest ... Alveoli • Pneumonia ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Myopericarditis • Vascular ... - Tamponade Pulmonary ... Causes of Chest ... Pleuritis • Alveoli ... : - CHF - Pneumonia
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... exercise intolerance, chest ... Cardiac: • Valvular ... Decompensated HF ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary
On the left another patient with alveolar edema at admission, which resolved after treatment.
When you scroll
another patient with alveolar ... difference in vascular ... Radiology #CXR #CHF ... #Alveolar #Pulmonary ... AlveolarEdema #RadiologyAssistant
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Age-Adjusted Gradient • Alveolar ... Hypoventilation Syndrome, Muscular ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... #AA #Gradient #alveolar ... #arterial #pulmonary
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
The pulmonary vascular ... during a period of CHF ... increased width of the vascular ... Radiology #CXR #CHF ... Redistribution #RadiologyAssistant
Notice that even within each lobe there is a gravity dependent difference in density.
This is only
transudate like in CHF ... Clinical #Radiology #CTChest ... #CHF #Alveolar ... #Pulmonary #Edema ... Gravity #Dependent #RadiologyAssistant
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
increased width of the vascular ... redistribution of the pulmonary ... Radiology #CXR #CHF ... #Alveolar #Pulmonary ... AlveolarEdema #RadiologyAssistant
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
exercise intolerance, chest ... Cardiac: • Valvular ... Decompensated HF ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... detect possible valvular
Previous normal chest x-ray (left) and CHF stage II with perihilar haze (right). On the left
Previous normal chest ... x-ray (left) and CHF ... diameter of the pulmonary ... #Vascular #Engorgement ... #Thickening #RadiologyAssistant