11 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... acute vs. chronic) 2) ... postural BP) 4) Medical ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Step 2. ... - diuretics EUVOLEMIC ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... underlying cause (CHF ... nephrotic syndrome) Euvolemic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... - Consider the history ... Step #2 - Assess
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
simplex virus 1 and 2 ... Meningoencephalitis: • 2 ... photophobia, nausea, - History ... rigidity) • Altered mental ... #diagnosis #neurology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Take a thorough history ... Medical history ... disease b) CHF ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... stratification #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... start with a good history ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... include vaptans (HF