14 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... level. ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
(Composed of T-helper ... Constitutional: Fever ... exertion • Neurologic ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Pulmonary
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
levels, greater level ... less systemic symptoms ... heliotrope rash, Shaw sign ... , holster sign, ... anti-synthetase syndrome
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner ... syndrome, history ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... , fever, myalgia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Marrow (Toxic injury ... Presentation: • Fever ... index < 2 • EPO Level ... • Improve the symptoms ... Anemia #oncology #hematology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
: • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... Muscle swelling - Fever ... kidney tubular cells ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Dehydration • Symptoms ... - 80% have fever ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis of tumor cells ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
UGT1A1 activity level ... injury ... examination; nonspecific symptoms ... • Older children ... Congenital #bilirubin #hepatology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
tissue: Epithelioid cells ... anterior/posterior MSK ... : (distinct symptoms ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs ... #Symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... below the site of injury ... Pain reported at level ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology