22 results
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
(Composed of T-helper ... & inflammatory cells ... dysrhythmias • Ophthalmologic ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS): Signs and Symptoms

Repetitive Overhead Activity, Scapular Dyskinesis -> Scapulohumeral mechanics become altered
Syndrome (SIS): Signs ... abduction + Neer's sign ... Syndrome #SIS #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #pathophysiology
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
less systemic symptoms ... heliotrope rash, Shaw sign ... , holster sign, ... /full triad at diagnosis ... #rheumatology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
vision in patients older ... Doppler US : halo sign ... GiantCellArteritis #GCA #Rheumatology ... #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
mutation) that alter ... yrs old; F>M Signs ... Anemia - Giant cells ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
mutated in all cells ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Eosinophil Disorders Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Peripheral blood eosinophilia/hypereosinophilia uncovered incidentally during medical evaluation or
workup for specific symptoms ... organ-specific signs ... or symptoms (eg ... #Differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #eosinophilia
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis ... caucasian • Symptoms ... Unilateral • Signs ... Management #treatment #rheumatology ... #ophthalmology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
PO4 and Mg into cells ... Constipation - MSK ... Refeeding #Syndrome #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #symptoms ... #signs
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Affects mainly older ... with no early symptoms ... Physical Exam/Signs ... phenomenon CLL Diagnosis ... Lymphocytic #Leukemia #diagnosis