12 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... #management #cardiology
Scoliosis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings (Cobb Angle > 10 Degrees)

 • Incr Axial rotation of thoracic
volume -> Decr lung ... expansion -> Decr lung ... pathophysiology #msk ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... Splint: Posterior long ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #MSK
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
aka. cancerous cells ... • Lung. thvroid ... Signs/Symptoms: ... BoneTumors #Malignant #Radiology ... #Diagnosis #XRay
Constrictive Pericarditis on Echocardiogram
A 55-year-old female marathon runner presents to clinic w/ 6-months of worsening breathlessness
ASA, Kussmaul's sign ... edema, and clear lungs ... Echocardiogram #a4c ... #pocus #clinical ... #cardiology
Galeazzi Fracture 
Fracture of distal radial shaft with distal radial-ulnar joint disruption. Remember “MUGR” to recall
will be obvious; signs ... Splint: Posterior long ... Radial #Distal #Radiology ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #MSK
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
can't make A-OK sign ... fracture • ED Management ... Splint: Posterior long ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Sports #MSK
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
and Management ... granulomas within the lungs ... tissue: Epithelioid cells ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
vasculitis in older ... systemic sx + signs ... GCA #Temporal #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis ... #Management
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... Pleocytosis > 100 cells ... Infections: - Herpes zoster ... #management #neurology