16 results
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
shearing injury -> Ligaments ... onto lateral hip Signs ... #msk #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
"Terry Thomas" sign ... scapholunate interosseous ligament ... ("Terry Thomas sign ... Management: Pain control ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
elbow x-ray review alignment ... anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... ), compartment syndrome ... #Orthopedics #MSK
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE ... elbow x-ray review alignment ... anterior sail sign ... Management: Pain control ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
mimics complete • Central ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... disc herniation (central ... lumbar spine Signs ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner ... syndrome, history ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... source; oral, enteral ... Constipation - MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Greater Trochanter Fracture ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... causes #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk