11 results
Ketosis Disorders - Comparison Table
 • Starvation Ketosis
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA)
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
• Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ... Ketoacidosis (DKA ... • Euglycemic DKA ... Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar ... State (HHS) • DKA
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
by an anion gap acidosis ... • Alcoholic ketoacidosis ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... marked anion gap acidosis ... Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar
Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia ± Hyperosmolar
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... • Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Hyperglycemia ± Hyperosmolar ... • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ... amzn.to/3rEtbK8 #AnionGap
Metabolic Acidosis with Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic

K - Ketoacidosis
	• DKA
		- With normal glucose, ask if
Metabolic Acidosis ... • DKA - With ... have -ve urine ketones ... (their ketone is ... KILU #Mnemonic #AnionGap
DKA vs HHS
 - Think of DKA and HHS on a spectrum of hyperglycemic emergencies
 -
DKA vs HHS - Think ... of DKA and HHS ... and starvation ketosis ... comparison #diabetic #ketoacidosis ... #hyperosmolar #
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
Alcoholic ketoacidosis ... gap metabolic acidosis ... early signs of ketoacidosis ... gap closes and acidosis ... diabeticketoacidosis #aniongap
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis ... potential bicarbonate: ketosis ... with ketone excretion ... exchange resins #aniongap ... #NonGap #Metabolic
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis with Elevated Anion Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated Anion Gap > 12
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis ... poisoning Lactic acidosis ... Inborn errors Ketosis ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap
Comparison of Pathologic Breathing Patterns
Biot's respiration aka ataxic respiration:
 - Periodic breathing: hyperpnea (or normopnea) and
Biot's respiration aka ... : - Metabolic acidosis ... Hyperpnea K = Ketones ... (Diabetic ketoacidosis ... Lactic acid/Lactic acidosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis 
Management Priorities
1. Fluids 
2. Insulin 
3. Potassium 
4. Acidosis 
5. Re-establish oral fluids,
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Acidosis 5. ... underlying cause #DKA ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis ... Management #Pediatrics #Peds