11 results
Ketosis Disorders - Comparison Table
 • Starvation Ketosis
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA)
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
• Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ... Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar ... State (HHS) • DKA ... #differential #diagnosis
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
• Alcoholic ketoacidosis ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar ... • DKA/HHS Overlap ... #differential #diagnosis
DKA vs HHS
 - Think of DKA and HHS on a spectrum of hyperglycemic emergencies
 -
of DKA and HHS ... and starvation ketosis ... comparison #laboratory #diagnosis ... comparison #diabetic #ketoacidosis ... #hyperosmolar #
Metabolic Acidosis with Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic

K - Ketoacidosis
	• DKA
		- With normal glucose, ask if
DKA - With ... have -ve urine ketones ... (their ketone is ... KILU #Mnemonic #AnionGap ... Metabolic #Acidosis #diagnosis
Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia ± Hyperosmolar
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia
Acidosis • Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Hyperglycemia ± Hyperosmolar ... • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ... amzn.to/3rEtbK8 #AnionGap ... #differential #diagnosis
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... Alcoholic ketoacidosis ... early signs of ketoacidosis ... infusion until ketoacidosis ... diabeticketoacidosis #aniongap
Hyperglycemic Crisis - Algorithm for DKA/HHS

Diagnostic criteria for DKA:
 • pH < 7.3
 • Anion gap
/HHS Diagnostic ... • Urine/serum ketones ... > 250 mg/dL Diagnostic ... • Urine/serum ketones ... Diabetes #DM2 #Ketoacidosis
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis with Elevated Anion Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated Anion Gap > 12
- Differential Diagnosis ... Inborn errors Ketosis ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Lactic acidosis • Ketoacidosis ... potential bicarbonate: ketosis ... with ketone excretion ... exchange resins #aniongap ... #differential #diagnosis
Comparison of Pathologic Breathing Patterns
Biot's respiration aka ataxic respiration:
 - Periodic breathing: hyperpnea (or normopnea) and
Biot's respiration aka ... Hyperpnea K = Ketones ... (Diabetic ketoacidosis ... Respiratory #pulmonary #diagnosis