52 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... , NGT suction, Low ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... , NGT suction, Low ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... Gitelman Syndrome ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Normal Acid-Base: Low ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #nephrology
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
loop of Henle Gitelman ... Syndrome: Distal ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
, Low R - Primary ... Al, Low R - Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Kidney loss of Cl ... - Loss of Cl ... - Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... aldosteronism Low ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology