29 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Medullaris Syndrome -> Trauma ... bladder and rectal reflex ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Cord Injury ... Femoral Condyle Knee ... Ankle Dorsiflexion Knee ... #SpinalCord #Injury ... differential #diagnosis #Neurology
Hoffmann's Sign

Hoffman's sign means upper motor neuron injury.  The Hoffmann's reflex test itself involves loosely
Hoffmann's Sign ... upper motor neuron injury ... The Hoffmann's reflex ... #Reflex #Positive ... clinical #video #neurology
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
Exaggerated startle reflex ... Re-experiencing of trauma ... key aspects of trauma ... BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
flexion of the knees ... While the pathophysiology ... for the hip/knee ... is that hip and knee ... an involuntary reflex
Oppenheim's Sign on Physical Exam

There are some alternative maneuvers to search for the classic Babinski sign,
Oppenheim's Sign ... classic Babinski sign ... indicator of pyramidal injury ... the Oppenheim Sign ... #Reflex #Neurology
Brudzinski's Sign in Meningitis

Severe neck stiffness causes the patient's knees and hips to flex when the
Brudzinski's Sign ... the patient's knees ... and hips to flex ... #Brudzinskis #Sign ... #physicalexam #neurology
Brudzinski's Sign in Meningitis

Severe neck stiffness causes the patient's knees and hips to flex when the
Brudzinski's Sign ... the patient's knees ... and hips to flex ... #Brudzinskis #Sign ... #physicalexam #neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Mutism Pathophysiology ... : • Severe injury ... Awareness • Injury ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Brissaud's Sign

If the patient did not have his toes ... is there a sign that can
the plantar skin reflex ... (plantar skin reflex ... Although the reflex ... response reflects injury ... #Reflex #Neurology