111 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... , Eclampsia, Late ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Petechiae are small, red lesions caused when capillaries leak blood into the skin. Petechiae larger than
small, red lesions caused ... cm are purpura #Clinical ... #EM #IM #Derm #
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... seizure) #Pathophys #EM ... #IM #Endo #DKA
Marcus Gunn Phenomenon - Jaw Winking Syndrome

Jaw-winking syndrome is thought to be caused by abnormal innervation
- Jaw Winking Syndrome ... Jaw-winking syndrome ... thought to be caused ... #clinical #video ... #neurology #physicalexam
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Hydrophobia on Physical Examination

Seen in the late stages of rabies.  Caused by painful paroxysmal contractions
Seen in the late ... Caused by painful ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #neurology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
intake, Diuretics (late ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... Willis via UNC IM ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
Disease: Early and Late ... Clinical manifestations ... Localized • EM ... days-weeks after EM ... • Heralded by neurologic