15 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Diagnosis Baseline ... investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs ... ANCA, ANA, Anti-GBM ... • Cardio-renal syndrome
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... virus • CMV • EBV ... Acute meningeal signs ... CSF has a 99% sensitivity ... sensitivity and
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
Abnormalities in Rate ... punctuated by frequent sighs ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... Occasional sighs ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... upon damage • Normal ... Pneumocystis pneumonia (late ... > 1.5) with a sensitivity
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... • Jaundice (later ... bile ducts Differential ... Diagnosis: •
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... HBV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... synthesis rises later ... function may be abnormal
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Symptoms and signs ... injury • Gait is abnormal ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
fontanelle is also a late ... sign of meningitis ... If abnormal, this ... When the diagnosis ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... • Should be on differential ... that precedes a later ... Pathophysiology: ... undergo EGD - Sensitivity
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam