12 results
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
- Diagnostic Algorithm ... ) - Uremia ... - Salicylates (late ... Addison disease - Renal ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... failure (uremia ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
- Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... intake, Diuretics (late ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... in pernicious anemia ... GI losses (NG suction ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... intake, Diuretics (late ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
- Differential Diagnosis ... , folic acid deficiency ... Pneumocystis pneumonia (late ... > 1.5) with a sensitivity ... 94 and 84% Renal
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... , nasogastric suction ... megaloblastic anemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... intake, Diuretics (late ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... the Nonspecific Cation ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology