9 results
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Methanol (formic acid ... ) - Uremia ... - Salicylates (late ... Addison disease - Renal ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... (late) • High ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... (late) • High ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... in pernicious anemia ... GI losses (NG suction ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... , nasogastric suction ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... failure (uremia ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... the Nonspecific Cation ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... (late) • High ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Anemia of Hospitalization - Pathophysiology

Why does the Hgb/Hct drop in the first two days during hospitalization?

Interestingly,
- Pathophysiology ... oncotic pressures acting ... proportionally. 30 years later ... • Iron, folic acid ... of renal disease