35 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... K-ATPase which imports ... #Differential # ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Malabsorption • Short ... Vit-D degradation (eg ... laxatives) #Hypocalcemia ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Defining the cause of hypokalemia ... starts by measuring ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Algorithm R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia ... plasma [K+] #Hyperkalemia ... #Differential # ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pathophysiology
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... , weight loss, hypovolemia ... hypotension) DKA: Short
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Peripheral Edema - Differential ... Note: • Left leg ... after the right leg ... Peripheral #Edema #differential ... #PhysicalExam #Pathophysiology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... risk factors (eg ... disorders including hypokalemia ... hormonal excess or hypokalaemia ... Workup #causes #Differential
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... pain or spasm - legs ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... - Hyperkalemia ... heat #illness #differential
Approach to ECGs - Syncope Syndromes
Electrolytes
 • ↑K - brady, peak T, wide QRS, no P,
long P • ↑ Ca - short ... delta wave and short ... (>480-500ms) Short ... RAE, RV strain (neg ... electrocardiogram #differential