28 results
Biphasic Illness of Leptospirosis
Some patients do not progress to severe disease. Others, rapidly develop severe disease
rash • Others: nausea ... ): • Aseptic meningitis ... dysfunction) • Pulmonary ... Biphasic #Phases #Diagnosis ... #Illness #Signs
Leptospirosis
Pathogen: Leptospira (interrogans, kirschneri, noguchii)
Risk Factors:
 • Occupational exposure - Farmers, ranchers, trappers, veterinarians
 • Recreational
Leptospirosis Pathogen ... non-productive cough, nausea ... diarrhea • Aseptic Meningitis ... failure • Severe pulmonary ... disease ARDS Diagnosis
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Infectious: Meningitis ... Encephalitis, Brain ... #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... - Differential Diagnosis ... neurologic symptoms/signs ... Infection • Meningitis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Meningeal signs ... Space-occupying brain ... infection (e.g., meningitis ... #Algorithm #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
- Differential Diagnosis ... Photophobia • Nausea ... , photophobia, nausea ... Acute meningeal signs ... #neurology #meningitis
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
maintained fever CAUSES ... hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... Neurologic: • Meningitis ... • Traumatic brain ... Anesthesia #Checklist #Diagnosis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
lymphadenopathy, pulmonary ... of Tuberculous Meningitis ... contrast enhancement Brain ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Traumatic brain ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
disorders, Aseptic Meningitis ... autoantibodies that will cause ... thrombosis and/or blood-brain ... permeability Diagnosis ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology