12 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal Causes ... Renal Causes of ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia ... #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... consumption • Low ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management

Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL.
Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,
mortality in ICU Causes ... antacids, or enemas, Treatment ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Addison's disease) Treatment ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Recurrent Polymorphic VT/Torsades de Pointes - Management Algorithm
Drugs that prolong QT interval:
 • Class 1a (quinidine,
Abnormalities: Hypomagnesemia ... • Hypokalemia ... Hypocalcemia (rarely) Treatment ... TdP First line: magnesium ... 1b (lidocaine)- case
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
warranting urgent treatment ... Most cases of hypokalemia-induced ... of concurrent hypomagnesemia ... important because magnesium ... #Evaluation #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology