25 results
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Findings Grading Ligament ... Sprains l: Minimal ligament ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics ... Grades #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
Clinical:
 • Sudden, painless, complete loss of vision 
 • Pale retina
Central Retinal ... • Cherry red spot ... on fovea Management ... isosorbide) #Central ... Diagnosis #Clinical #Fundoscopy
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
- Distorted central ... edema seen on fundoscopy ... - Faded/blind spots ... in central vision ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
scapholunate interosseous ligament ... : Pain control, ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
Pathogenesis and Ocular ... Decr Visual pigment ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology
Ulnar Fovea Sign Test for Fovea Disruption

Useful for patients with pain along the ulnar aspect of
the wrist in the neutral ... ulnotriquetral ligament ... #orthopedics #msk ... #sports
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
fractures • ED Management ... : Pain control, ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
Perilunate Dislocation
On lateral wrist XR, the capitate ("apple") should sit in the lunate ("tea cup") which
injury • ED Management ... : Pain control, ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Diagnosis and Management ... Presentation: • General ... mucocutaneous changes, ocular ... • Delusions Ocular ... nonimmune hemolysis MSK
Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation
Interphalangeal joint dislocations almost always occur dorsally, look for associated avulsion fractures! Here's a
capsule. collateral ligaments ... degrees of flexion; central ... rupture of the central ... tendon) • ED Management ... #Orthopedics #MSK