10 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
: • large lower ... Inspection - lower ... Palpation - lower ... or unilateral lower ... extremity reflexes
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... #diagnosis #lower ... #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Hoover's Sign for Functional Lower Extremity Paralysis

Used to distinguish organic from functional leg hemiparesis.

Ask the patient
Functional Lower ... Extremity Paralysis ... leg at the hip. ... hemiparesis #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Mixed upper and lower ... bladder and rectal reflex ... saddle anesthesia. leg ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
must be absent: lower ... gait, strength, reflexes ... Negative Straight Leg ... Raise Test - ... #diagnosis #signs
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... spasticity • Lower ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... reflexes: Areflexia ... , lower extremity
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... of shoulder and hip ... the upper and lower ... Palpable purpura (lower ... #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
the upper and lower ... purpura: strong sign ... extremities, upper extremity ... retinopathy Lab Tests ... #diagnosis #rheumatology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
flexors of the legs ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... negative, MOG-IgG test