10 results
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... flexion causes spinal ... cord movement and ... an involuntary reflex ... #PhysicalExam #
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Diagnosis: • ... Spinal cord infarct ... • HIV related ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... cord - Autoimmune ... Weakness - Lower ... #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... Spinal cord ... • Symptoms and signs ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Spasticity - Reflexes ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... • Bilateral signs ... negative, MOG-IgG test ... management #neurology #differential
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
white matter, spinal ... cord, and basal ... Behcet disease) Differential ... #signs #symptoms ... #rheumatology #
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Diagnosis Framework ... Lesions of the spinal ... cord • Inflammatory ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... necrotizing myopathy • Autoimmune
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
is also a late sign ... When the diagnosis ... are observed for signs ... of the back and spine ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... the upper and lower ... purpura: strong sign ... retinopathy Lab Tests ... #diagnosis #rheumatology
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
- Differential ... Tests: • Measure ... papules and Gottron sign ... ) • Shawl sign ... weakness + atrophy- Hip