13 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Sensory loss below ... Mixed upper and lower ... saddle anesthesia. leg ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Findings Compression/injury ... must be absent: lower ... Negative Straight Leg ... Raise Test - ... #signs #symptoms
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... and Myotomes Reflexes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #motor #leg #physicalexam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Diagnosis Framework ... Herpes zoster - HIV ... Trauma • Crush injury ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
and/or genital sensory ... cord infarct • HIV ... extremity reflexes ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test
Hoover's Sign for Functional Lower Extremity Paralysis

Used to distinguish organic from functional leg hemiparesis.

Ask the patient
Functional Lower ... Extremity Paralysis ... at the hip. ... hemiparesis #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Locked-in syndrome ... brainstem Motor/Sensory ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Symptoms and signs ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... , lower extremity
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
, T1 (median) Reflexes ... spared in this injury ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #arm #physicalexam
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
syphilis, and HIV ... Weakness - Lower ... at the level of sensory ... multiradicular pain - Leg ... #differential #diagnosis