16 results
Differentiating PAH from PVH - Echocardiography
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (PAH):
 • RV size - Enlarged
 • LA
from right to left ... • ElA ratio << 1 ... • ElA ratio > 1 ... Differentiating #PAH #PVH #Echocardiogram ... #pulmonary #arterial
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
atrium on Echocardiogram ... with a history of hypertension ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... idiopathic. 2. ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
1. ... Pulmonary arterial ... arterial hypertension ... receptor type 2) ... due to left heart
Sarcoidosis
Stage 1 - Bilateral LAD without involvement of lung parenchyma
Stage 2 - Bilateral LAD with involvement
Sarcoidosis Stage 1 ... parenchyma Stage 2 ... 4 - Fibrosis Pulmonary ... hypertension are ... Lofgren Syndrome - Triad
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
(LV thrombus, LAA ... Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... Paradoxical: Right to Left ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
arterial hypertension ... causes (chronic lung ... disease, left heart ... Transthoracic echocardiogram ... ventricular septum 2)
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
liver disease and pulmonary ... hypertension? ... as atrial septum ... shifts left ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
(1) Thickened ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... (7) patient in atrial ... #clinical #cardiology ... #a4c #thrombus
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
absence of intrinsic lung ... diffusion-perfusion defect (Type 1) ... anatomic shunt (Type 2) ... Microbubbles appear in left ... blood gas (ABC)
Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) Windows
1. ME 5-Chamber view 
2. ME 4-Chamber view 
3. ME-Commissural view 
4. ME
(TEE) Windows 1. ... ME-Long axis view ... ME Right Pulmonary ... Pulmonary veins ... ME Left Atrial Appendage