10 results
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... near-syncope, syncope. 1. ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... Endocrinopathies 2. ... Anticoagulation #Atrial
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left atrium ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... dilated #left #atrium ... #a4c #Echocardiogram
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
(1) Thickened ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... (7) patient in atrial ... clinically be in CHF ... #a4c #thrombus
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... risk factors Atrial ... right and left atria ... identify left atrial ... test for DM Atrial
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
causes (chronic lung ... thromboembolism) 1) ... Transthoracic echocardiogram ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... ventricular septum 2)
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... Differential Diagnosis 1. ... to right shunt 2. ... Effect #Right #Atrium ... #clinical #echocardiogram
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
absence of intrinsic lung ... diffusion-perfusion defect (Type 1) ... anatomic shunt (Type 2) ... cycles after right atrial ... blood gas (ABC)
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... disease b) CHF ... days before Pulmonary ... unless prior heart/lung ... CARP, DECREASE V trials
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
liver disease and pulmonary ... 1. ... bubbles = PFO 2. ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) Windows
1. ME 5-Chamber view 
2. ME 4-Chamber view 
3. ME-Commissural view 
4. ME
Transesophageal Echocardiogram ... (TEE) Windows 1. ... ME-Long axis view ... ME Right Pulmonary ... ME Left Atrial Appendage