14 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lyme • Altered mental ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g.
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... #signs #symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
(headache and diplopia ... Medium and large ... Oral aphthae : SLE ... #signs #symptoms ... #rheumatology #
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Systemic Lupus (SLE ... Demyelinating syndromes ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis ... #rheumatology
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
less systemic symptoms ... , holster sign, ... anti-synthetase syndrome ... Can also see mechanics ... #rheumatology
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
microscopy and serial ... context of other symptoms ... ), Sjogren's Syndrome ... ANA #patterns #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #differential
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Differential Diagnosis ... Non-autoimmune rheumatologic ... PNS and CNS • Headache ... Induced Lupus: • Symptoms ... #Rheumatology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... conditions: Autoimmune (SLE ... cultures/serology: Serial ... #Endocarditis #comparison
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Blast Phase: • Headaches ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
Involves large and medium ... systemic sx + signs ... claudication, headaches ... them, but urgent rheumatology ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis