13 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... anemia) • G-CSF ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Algorithm and Differential ... clinical context and signs ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
and signs. ... : Mental slowness ... Carpal timel syndrome ... Proximal myopathy, Slow-relaxing ... #PhysicalExam #Endocrinology
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
Guillain Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... , Mild sensory symptoms ... Miller Fisher syndrome-Bickerstaff ... Guillain #Barre #Syndrome
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lyme • Altered mental ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Myelodysplastic syndromes ... formed or don’t work ... age 70 years Symptoms ... (CML) • Felty Syndrome
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hypercalcemia, Cushing's syndrome ... White-coat syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Syndrome
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
fatigue, altered mental ... status and low ... acute coronary syndrome ... #differential #algorithm ... #heartfailure #chf