26 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Normovolemic hyponatremia ... - Drugs - SIADH ... #Diagnosis #Table
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia ... Hyponatremia: ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... SatyaPatelMD #Hyponatremia
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... administration #Hypernatremia ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic HypoNatremia Algorithm (Serum Na+ < 135 meq/L, serum Osm < 275 mosm/kg)
Assess Volume Status,
HypoNatremia Algorithm ... Urine Osm #Hyponatremia ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Differential # ... Hypotonic
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia ... Hyponatremia: ... • Euvolemia: SIADH ... Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Hyponatremia The ... hyponatremia, give ... #Hyponatremia # ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Step 2. ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH ... renal failure #Hypernatremia
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH ... Rachel Stern MD #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Inappropriate - Consider: SIADH ... @NephroMD #hyponatremia ... #diagnosis #differential ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Salt Wasting vs SIADH ... Neurological event 2) ... #SaltWasting #SIADH ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #