12 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
, often from vascular ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #orthopedics #neurology
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
sensitivity to cold ... the ankle jerk reflex ... evaluation confirmed a diagnosis ... Delayed #Clinical #Video ... #Neurology #Endocrinology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Acute Kidney Injury ... Congestion • Medications ... INTRA-Renal AKI: • Vascular ... Infection-mediated, Drug-induced ... #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... , Recreational drugs ... Traumatic brain injury ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Symptoms and signs ... below the site of injury ... Vascular/Blockage ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes
Hoffmann's sign was originally described as follows: the test is performed by supporting the patient's hand
indicative of injury ... cervical spinal cord ... #Clinical #Video ... PhysicalExam #Neurology ... #Reflex
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
It is a clear sign ... the pupillary reflex ... very sensitive diagnostic ... afferent pathway injury ... #Clinical #Video
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... of the spinal cord ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... myopathies, the muscular ... #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Presentation: Injury ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... • Bilateral signs ... #management #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
multiple spinal cord ... of UMN and LMN signs ... 4) progressive muscular ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology