31 results
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal ... and Gitelman syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... #Causes #neurology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Skew Deviation Casey ... ophthalmology #neurology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #ocular
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... Young females Differential ... Diagnosis: • CN ... dissociation • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... tyrosinemia, Gilbert syndrome ... (Purple Urine Syndrome ... Discoloration #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Hypothyroidism • Medication-induced ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... Peripheral #Neuropathy #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Blurry Vision - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Ocular Adverse Effects ... of Systemic Medications ... #causes
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
very sensitive diagnostic ... regarding the cause ... Pupillary #Defect #Neurology ... #Clinical #Video ... Pupils #MacrusGunn #PhysicalExam
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
Hearing Loss - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Use of ototoxic medications ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... #Diagnosis #otology