18 results
diagnosis differential causes syndrome alkalosis hypokalemia metabolic low potassium chloride hypernatremia hyponatremia workup bartter cardiorenal defects fanconi hepatology hepatorenal hrs
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... #Localization #Nephron ... #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
Mechanisms of nephron ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... activities • Diuretic ... syndrome #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... delivery to distal nephron ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... ≥100): SIADH, Renal ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... diagnosis #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... • Hypokalemia (renal ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... - fevers • renal ... volume loss - diuretics ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
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