13 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
#Diagnosis #Neurology #Dizziness #Peripheral #Central #Algorithm #BPPV #Differential #Ddxof
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Neurology #Dizziness ... #Peripheral #Central ... #Algorithm #BPPV
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #comparison
HINTS Exam - Distinguishing Central from Peripheral Vertigo
 • Head Impulse: Head thrust 10° with eyes
Distinguishing Central ... from Peripheral ... #Peripheral #Vertigo ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #bppv #comparison
Causes of Facial Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Forehead Sparing = Central cause
  - Most commonly
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Forehead ... Sparing = Central ... Forehead involved = Peripheral ... #neurology #sparing
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Cause ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
and Central Vertigo ... PERIPHERAL VERTIGO ... #diagnosis #findings ... signs #symptoms #comparison ... #neurology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... Diabetes insipidus (central ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm True ... Rotary Movement Peripheral ... Bone Fracture Central ... #Algorithm #Causes