7419 results
Lactulose: Mechanism of Action in Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lactulose → ↑ Lactic Acid, Acetic Acid → ↓ pH
Acid → ↓ pH → ↓ NH3 ... absorption), ↑ NH4
Abdominojugular (Hepatojugular) Reflux

Described by Pasteur in 1885 as a physical sign of TR. Still useful for
for diagnosis of CHF ... Hepatojugular #Reflux #PhysicalExam ... #Clinical #Video
Symptoms and Sign of Congestive Heart Failure.

#Congestive #HeartFailure #CHF #Signs #Symptoms #PhysicalExam

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Bates'
#HeartFailure #CHF ... Signs #Symptoms #PhysicalExam
HFrEF - Low Ejection Fraction on Physical Exam - Likelihood Ratios
 - Displaced Apical Impulse
 -
#HFrEF #LowEF #PhysicalExam ... diagnosis #cardiology #CHF
Terry's Nails

Proximal paleness extending halfway up the nail, often eliminating the lunula. Darker distal band. Seen
disease/cirrhosis, CHF ... #Fingernails #PhysicalExam ... #Clinical #Photo
Selected Clinical Trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in CVD and CKD
EMPA-REG OUTCOME - Empagliflozin lowered CV events
Selected Clinical ... for SGLT2i in HF ... for SGLT2i in HF ... lowered CV death or HHF ... improved HF outcomes
Acute Heart Failure Exacerbation - Diagnostic Likelihood Ratios
+LR > 3.5:
 • Overall judgement of ED physician
Examination #chf ... #heartfailure #physicalexam
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
development of HF ... medical therapy; HF ... #CHF #Congestive
Iron Deficiency in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) in heart failure is a common comorbidity
Heart Failure (CHF ... leading to: ↑ HF ... advanced stages of HF ... Heart #Failure #CHF
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
of right-sided HF ... Kussmauls #Sign #physicalexam ... #clinical #video