27 results
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... Purple #Urine #Bag #Syndrome ... pathophysiology #clinical #photo ... #differential #
Horner's Syndrome: Loss of sympathetic nervous system input to (in this case) right eye. 
Note that
Horner's Syndrome ... Images #Clinical #Ophthalmology ... #Photo #Horners ... #Syndrome #Ptosis
Anisocoria Evaluation Flow Chart - Differential Diagnosis
1. Check pupillary reaction to light 
2. Measure pupil size.
Evaluation Flow Chart - Differential ... - Horner's Syndrome ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Ophthalmoplegia secondary to Orbital Apex Syndrome

A 61-year-old man presented with retro-orbital pain, near-complete ophthalmoplegia, loss of
to Orbital Apex Syndrome ... Orbital #Apex #Syndrome ... Clinical #Video #Ophthalmology ... #PhysicalExam #NEJM
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
, Orbital apex syndrome ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... mass #Diplopia #differential ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Differential diagnoses for the neuro-ophthalmologic finding of diplopia.
Neoplastic: 
 • Intraorbital meningioma 
 • Pituitary adenoma
Differential diagnoses ... for the neuro-ophthalmologic ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... #Diplopia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #Ophthalmology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
One-and-a-half Syndrome ... #Localization #ophthalmology ... #neurology #differential
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Pupils #Defects #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Causes of Anterior Uveitis - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Uveitis - 90% of cases of Uveitis
 • Inflammation
Anterior Uveitis - Differential ... Posner-Schlossman Syndrome ... HIA B27-related syndrome ... Anterior #Uveitis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #ophthalmology
Pupillary Abnormalities  Overview
 - Unequal Pupils (anisocoria)
 - Tonic pupil (Adie's pupil)
 - OculomotorNerve (CN
- Homer's Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology ... Abnormalities #Differential