9 results
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... repolarization; changes ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... - Hypokalemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
• Mechanism: Exchanges ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... , changes on ECG ... Figure 3 is an algorithm ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... medications used
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
whose positive charges ... whose positive charges ... both work together ... lose a positive charge ... causes Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... reabsorption) Workup ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... with previously stable ... disorders including hypokalemia ... #Hypertension #Workup ... #Diagnosis #indications
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... Renal Epithelial Channels ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
Hypokalemia is ... palpitations, changes ... electrocardiography (ECG ... Most cases of hypokalemia-induced ... #Evaluation #Algorithm