58 results
Summary of Heart Blocks
1st Degree Heart Block:
 • Prolonged PR >200ms (5 small squares).
 • Narrow
• Treatment: Pacemaker ... • Treatment: Pacemaker ... HeartBlocks #Types #Classification ... summary #Diagnosis #EKG ... electrocardiogram #ecg
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
dialysis indication (e.g ... require urgent nephrology ... are caused by prerenal ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... May be 10 (eg direct ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Post-Partum Hemorrhage - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Blood Loss: >500mL post vaginal delivery OR >1000 mL
Causes of Post-Partum ... Uterine fatigue (e.g ... macrosomia) • Bladder distension ... coagulopathy (e.g ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... Medication side effect (e.g ... Medication side effect (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Classification of ... cholestasis, and some cases ... miscellaneous causes ... #Jaundice #Classification ... #differential #causes
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
Approach to ECGs ... 200ms from longer pause ... - ventricular pacemaker ... bradyarrhythmia #ECG ... #EKG #diagnosis
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... vasoconstriction (e.g ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g ... NephroP #AKI #causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Kidney #Injury #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology