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Ascites - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

•
Perform paracentesis:
 • Cell count and diff 
 • Total
Ascites - Differential ... • Perform paracentesis ... • Calculate SAAG ... MatthewHoMD #Ascites #Differential
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... Loss of bowel/bladder ... bladder continence ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Map of Referred Pain
Referred pain occurs when nerves from two different anatomic sites converge onto the
pathway in the spinal ... When the pain signal ... Kidneys — Urinary bladder ... Locations #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
disturbance • Bladder ... constipation Differential ... palpation of the bladder ... Equina #syndrome #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Variable weakness - Bladder ... paralysis of the bladder ... Leg weakness - Bladder ... syndromes #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
of Tuberculosis Spinal ... limb weakness, bladder ... of meninges in spinal ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential ... #TB #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Syndrome -> Anterior spinal ... level of injury, Bladder ... dysfunction, loss of bladder ... #orthopedics #neurology
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture
 • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
Management Summary Paracentesis ... : cell count + differential ... Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient (SAAG ... Summary #Hepatology #SAAG ... #paracentesis
Critical and Emergent Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
CRITICAL DIAGNOSES 
 - Cerebral cortex or subcortical 
 -
Brainstem - Spinal ... Brainstem - Spinal ... Neuromuscular #Weakness #Differential ... #Neurology #Causes
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Incontinence - Differential ... Incontinence - Distended bladder ... neuropathy or spinal ... medications • Bladder ... #Incontinence #Differential