2570 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
• Refeeding syndrome ... Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis ... hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... / Gittelman's syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... diuresis, Bartter's syndrome ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... Aldosterone: Cushing syndrome ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
arrhythmias and paralysis ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... Hyperkalemia Periodic paralysis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Familial periodic paralysis ... disequilibrium syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... Hyperkalemia Periodic paralysis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome - Herpes Zoster Oticus 
Triad:
1. Ipsilateral facial paralysis 
2. Ear pain 
3. Vesicles
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome ... Ipsilateral facial paralysis ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... • Stroke syndromes ... #RamsayHunt #Syndrome
Central Cord Syndromes
 - Anterior Cord Syndrome
 - Central Cord Syndrome
 - Brown Sequard Syndrome

#CentralCord #Syndromes
Central Cord Syndromes ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... - Central Cord Syndrome ... Brown Sequard Syndrome ... #BrownSequard #Neurology