73 results
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
reaction - Helminth infection ... CD3-CD4+ T cells ... aspergillosis - Viral infections ... hypereosinophilia #HE #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Pulmonary Infections ... spp, Atypical infection ... #HIVAIDS #workup ... #diagnosis #evaluation ... #differential #
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
, Pathophysiology ... and Differential ... Diagnosis • Dilated ... • Toxic • Infectious ... #Differential #
Important causes of diarrhea in people with HIV/AIDS
Severity, chronicity/persistence will depend On CD4 count & sites
will depend On CD4 ... count & sites of infection ... #Diarrhea #HIVAIDS ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes
Blurry vision in a patient with HIV/AIDS
Anterior Segment:
 • Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
 • Keratitis (HSV, Staph,
• Choroidal infections ... seen with lower CD4 ... Blurry #vision #HIVAIDS ... Anterior #Posterior #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Schema
Causes of Diffuse Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Reactive:
 - Systemic Inflammatory
     •
Causes of Diffuse ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pseudotumor - Infectious ... Lymphocytic Leukemia (CBC ... #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artifact (redo CBC ... Myelofibrosis Infectious
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... →Activation of CD8 ... Auto-amplification loop Diagnosis ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... #management #treatment
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... Insufficiency - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Autoimmune Syndrome • Infectious ... #Causes #endocrinology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... splenomegaly Other infections ... multiple lesions Infectious ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes