11 results
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... of carbohydrate metabolism ... state and fat metabolism ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... exchange resins #aniongap ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis with Elevated Anion Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated Anion Gap > 12
Causes of Metabolic ... errors Ketosis • Diabetic ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketosis Disorders ... bodies are a normal metabolic ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic ... Brain Disorders ... T1 High Signal: Diabetic ... Patterns #Toxicology #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Neurology
Erectile Dysfunction: Pathogenesis

Erectile Dysfunction - Persistent or recurrent inability to achieve an erection sufficient to achieve
psychological disorder ... and rigidity Endocrinologic ... hyperlipidemia, diabetes ... (penile artery diameter ... #Dysfunction #Pathophysiology
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EuDKA)
SGLT2 Inhibitors
Increasing Indications
Significant Adverse Drug Effects
Definition of EuDKA
 • Metabolic acidosis with pH
Euglycemic Diabetic ... Definition of EuDKA • Metabolic ... level < 200 mg/dL Pathophysiology ... #Euglycemic #Diabetic ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology ... #diabetes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Respiratory or Metabolic ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... #AcidBase #disorders ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes ... specific bleeding disorders ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology