32 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... use in cellular metabolism ... presentation - Clinical ... also includes symptoms ... of metabolic acidosis
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... mitochondrial oxidative metabolism ... fibers Spectrum of Clinical ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
relaxation of the ankle ... Woltmans #Signs #PhysicalExam ... Hypothyroidism #Ankle ... Reflexes #Delayed #Clinical ... Video #Neurology #Endocrinology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... etiology Signs/Symptoms ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
lipolysis Signs/Symptoms ... thickness) - metabolic ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
Pathogenesis and clinical ... etiology Signs/Symptoms ... - Weakness to ankle ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... free fatty acid metabolism ... Intermediate fatty acid metabolism ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... Maternal Support - Critical
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... share the same pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Pathogenesis and clinical ... • Incr Glucose Metabolism ... Syndrome - Metabolic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs