11 results
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
Hypothyroid Myopathy ... hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... mitochondrial oxidative metabolism ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... : Commonly no signs ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism on Physical Exam

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from the production, secretion or
varied clinical symptoms ... There are several symptoms ... (shown in the video ... #neurology #endocrinology ... #hypothyroid
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... thickness) - metabolic ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Radiation • Metabolic ... /endocrine: Vitamin ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... Endocrinopathies: Hypothyroid ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Due to neuronal metabolism ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
deficiency • Vitamin ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... Nephrolithiasis • Metabolic
Rickets and Osteomalacia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Calcification inhibitors (excess exposure to A1, Fluoride, etidronate)
) • Abnormal Vitamin ... D Metabolism: Deficiency ... #Osteomalacia #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... MS) • Check Vitamin ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
LH levels) and vitamin ... abuse may lead to metabolic ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #psychiatry