8 results
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... of carbohydrate metabolism ... state and fat metabolism ... #DKA #Diabetes ... #Endocrinology
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... (DKA) and Hyperglycemic ... Hyperosmolar Syndrome ... Polydipsia #dka ... #comparison #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
bodies are a normal metabolic ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... of re-feeding syndrome ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology ... #diabetes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired
Acquired Disorders of Reduced Bone Strength: Pathogenesis
 • Hyperparathyroidism
 • Vitamin D deficiency
 • Malabsorption syndromes
Acquired Disorders ... Malabsorption syndromes ... • Chronic metabolic ... • Smoking • Diabetes ... #BoneStrength #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired
5-Oxoprolinuria
What is it:
 • Aka pyroglutamic acidosis, Intermediate in γ-glutamyl cycle
 • Amino acid transport and
What is it: • Aka ... Inborn errors of metabolism ... oxoprolinase • Acquired ... impairment • Type 2 diabetes ... insufficient • Requires high