22 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... use in cellular metabolism ... via anaerobic metabolism ... also includes symptoms ... of metabolic acidosis
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... • Incr Glucose Metabolism ... - Metabolic ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic ... Encephalitis Metabolic ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... #DIMS #Mnemonic ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Colchicine Toxicity 
Naturally-occurring plant alkaloid [Autumn Crocus and Glory Lilly]
2-24 hrs 
 • Severe GI distress
Renal failure • Metabolic ... Colchicine #Toxicity #Toxicology ... #Symptoms #Signs
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure 

Brain: 
Hepatic encephalopathy,  
Cerebral edema,  
Intracranial hypertension,
Hepatorenal syndrome ... Hepatoadrenal syndrome ... Liver: Loss of metabolic ... liver #failure #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Signs/Symptoms ... #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Management of Serotonin Syndrome
Identify and stop all serotoninergic medications
 • Avoid inadvertent Rx of serotoninergic meds
Management of Serotonin Syndrome ... serotoninergic meds ... normalize vital signs ... then 2 mg q2h if symptoms ... Management #treatment #toxicology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... thickness) - metabolic ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... mitochondrial oxidative metabolism ... Hypothyroid #Myopathy #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... Wilson's disease • Metabolic ... , Malnutrition Signs ... #riskfactors #symptoms