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diagnosis differential algorithm causes chloride gitelman metabolic syndrome acid acidbase base bloodgas conversion disorders diuresis excretion gas hypochloremia hypokalemia interpretation
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 2.
Diarrhea - Renal tubular ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Diuretics - Pharmacology Thiazides diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... loss through the nephron ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion ... loop #thiazide #classes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... the indicated causes ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
in the distal tubule ... delivery to distal nephron ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... alkalosis - ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... after renal tubule ... diuretic effect ... indicates a renal tubule ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... - Impaired tubular ... transport • Diuretics ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
alkalosis - Fistulas ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... filtration rate by tubulo-glomerular ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... resistance • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Familial ... Heart Association class ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... with thiazide diuretic ... alkalosis • Normal ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
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