27 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs ... #Injury #AKI #Workup
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... and decreased metabolism ... rare): - Reye syndrome ... (Peds) - Primary ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
dissipation of metabolic ... maintained fever CAUSES ... hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... #Differential #Causes ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... hypertension and signs ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... renal bruit or signs ... #Hypertension #Workup
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
Causes of Hypotonic ... Infection • Metabolic ... Other Congenital Syndromes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
, anxiety, and metabolic ... breathing due to metabolic ... punctuated by frequent sighs ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... Occasional sighs
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... failure PBC Signs ... cholangitis #diagnosis #workup ... #hepatology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... : • Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... formed or don’t work ... skin that are caused ... Workup: • Complete ... #diagnosis #hematology